The next table applies to trees that are in the Upper Peninsula (Scribner Decimal C rule): Diameter 4 ½ feet above ground (inches) The next table is applicable to selling standing trees in the Lower Peninsula (Doyle rule applies): Diameter 4 ½ feet above the ground (inches) The below table indicates the board foot values when trees are personally felled and the logs transported to the mill ( international rule applies): 1 Diameter 4 ½ feet above the ground (inches) The board foot content for each relevant tree is read from a volume table and board foot volume can be calculated in different ways. The scale should be used to read the number of logs, or fractions, related to the tree.ĭetermining tree volume follows the measuring of the height and diameter of the trees. The line of sight should be shifted to stump height at the tree base, which is generally between twelve and sixteen inches above ground level.The stick’s zero ends should be in the line of sight with the maximum limit of usable height.Stand at least 66 feet away from the tree base, and raise the stick vertically 25 inches from eye level.The half-log marks should be inscribed halfway in between the 16-foot-long marks, and the following method should be used for measuring. The Merritt rule for measuring tree heights can be inscribed on the Biltmore stick by marking graduations of 6.1 inches from the zero sides of the stick.Įvery graduation represents a 16-foot log (in length). Older trees should be measured between the height of the stump and the remaining usable height of the tree, minus excess branches. When a tree is straight and slim, the measurement stretches to a point on the upper trunk where the diameter measures eight inches inside the bark. When measuring the height of a tree, units of 16-foot logs or fractions are used. The tape measure should be at 4.5 feet above the base of the tree and the circumference should be divided by 3.14 π, to calculate the tree’s diameter. The diameter of a tree can also be measured by wrapping a tape measure around the circumference of the tree. The line of sight should be moved to the right side of the tree, without moving the head, and the diameter that comes into the line of sight should be read. The zero ends of the stick must be lined up with the left side of the tree.The beveled edge of the stick should be held against the tree trunk at breast height.The Biltmore stick should be held at eye level, 25 inches away, in a horizontal position.The tree diameter should be measured as follows: When determining how much lumber in a tree, the following Biltmore rule graduations must be considered: Diameter Graduations on a stickĭistance in Inches From the End of Stick to Diameter Graduationsĭistance in Inches From End of Stick to Diameter Graduations These methods include using diameter at breast height (DBH) and height, as well as a volume table with a volume equation.Ī great tool, called a Biltmore stick, is often used to measure tree diameters. Naturally, this process takes a lot of time and effort, which is why woodworkers and foresters use different, indirect methods to estimate tree volumes. Tree dimensions are established through tree volume estimation, and measuring tree diameter as well as measuring merchantable height.Įstimating tree volume is done by immersing cut logs or entire trees in a large tank filled with water, and then measuring the displaced volume of water. Related Reading: How Many Trees Cut Down Each Year or in 2022? The Deforestation Crisis Explained Tree Dimensions Planed and surfaced lumber is also measured using the board foot. One thousand board feet is referred to as MBF.Ī board foot is instrumental in measuring rough lumber, before the lumber is dry and before planing is done. One board foot is equal to the volume of a 305mm length of board that is 1 foot wide and 25.4mm (1 inch) thick. A board foot calculator used a specific method, such as the Doyle Log Scale, to determine how much salable wood is in a tree.
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